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Ugaritic alphabet

From Biocrawler, the free encyclopedia.

Note: This article contains special characters.

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History of the Alphabet
Wadi el-Hol 19th c. BC Proto-Canaanite 14th c. BC Ugaritic 13th c. BC Phoenician 11th c. BC Paleo-Hebrew 9th c. BC Samaritan 6th c. BC Aramaic 9th c. BC Hebrew 3rd c. BC Middle-Persian 224 Avestan 3th c. Brahmi 3rd c. BC Nagari 12th c. Thai 13th c. Syriac 2nd c. BC Arabic 4th c. Greek 8th c. BC Glagolitic 862 Cyrillic 10th c. Old Italic 8th c. BC Latin 7th c. BC Runes 2nd c. South Arabian 9th c. BC Ethiopic 3rd-4th c.
Meroitic 3rd c. BC
Armenian 405
Georgian 5th c.
Orkhon 6th c.
Ogham 6th c.
Hangul 1446
Cree 1840

The Ugaritic alphabet is a cuneiform version of the Levantine consonant alphabet (abjad), used from around 1300 BC for the Ugaritic language, an extinct Canaanite language discovered in Ugarit, Syria. It has 30 distinct letters. Other languages (particularly Hurrian) were occasionally written in it in the Ugarit area, although not elsewhere.

Clay tablets written in Ugaritic provide the earliest evidence of both the Levantine and South Semitic orders of the alphabet, that gave rise to the alphabetic orders of the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin alphabets on the one hand, and of the Ethiopic alphabet on the other.

Contents

1 Letters

2 Abecedaries

3 Ugaritic in Unicode

4 External link

5 Special characters

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Letters

𐎀 ʾa Alpa
𐎁 b Beta
𐎂 g Gamla
𐎃 ẖ Kha
𐎄 d Delta
𐎅 h Ho
𐎆 w Wo
𐎇 z Zeta
𐎈 ḥ Hota
𐎉 ṭ Tet
𐎊 y Yod
𐎋 k Kaf
𐎌 š Shin
𐎍 l Lamda
𐎎 m Mem
𐎟 ḏ Dhal
𐎐 n Nun
𐎑 ẓ Zu
𐎒 s Samka
𐎓 ʿ Ain
𐎔 p Pu
𐎕 ṣ Sade
𐎖 q Qopa
𐎗 r Rasha
𐎘 ṯ Thanna
𐎙 ġ Ghain
𐎚 t To
𐎛 ʾi I
𐎜 ʾu U
𐎝 s₂ Su
𐎞 (unassigned)
𐎟 word divider

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Abecedaries

Ugaritic alphabet Unicode range

Ugaritic is found in two alphabetic orders, the Northern Semitic order found in the Hebrew, Greek, and Roman scripts, and the Southern Semitic order found in the Ethiopic scripts. The letters are given in transcription and in their Hebrew cognates; letters missing from Hebrew are left blank.

North Semitic (the abjad)

’a

ẓ

’i

’u

South Semitic

’

ẓ

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Ugaritic in Unicode

In Unicode, the Ugaritic alphabet is assigned to U+10380 - U+1039F.

1038

𐎀

𐎁

𐎂

𐎃

𐎄

𐎅

𐎆

𐎇

𐎈

𐎉

𐎊

𐎋

𐎌

𐎍

𐎎

𐎟

1039

𐎐

𐎑

𐎒

𐎓

𐎔

𐎕

𐎖

𐎗

𐎘

𐎙

𐎚

𐎛

𐎜

𐎝

𐎟

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External link

Ugaritic (http://ancientscripts.com/ugaritic.html) (ancientscripts.com)
Ugaritic Cuneiform (http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U10380.pdf) characters from the Unicode Ugaritic cuneiform script.
Ugaritic cuneiform (http://www.omniglot.com/writing/ugaritic.htm) Omniglot entry on the subject.

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Special characters

Technical note: Due to technical limitations, some web browsers may not display some special characters in this article. Bear this in mind if you encounter symbols such as "�?﷐􏿾". You might also consider viewing the page in a different browser or using a different font—preferably one with wide Unicode support, such as Code2000, Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode or one of the free software Unicode fonts.