Spaceflight records

From Biocrawler, the free encyclopedia.

Most records are about human spaceflights. At the end there is a section about unmanned spaceflights.

Contents

1 Longest single flight 2 Farthest humans from Earth 3 Highest altitude for non-lunar mission 4 Fastest 5 Most flights 6 Firsts 7 Total time in space - top 50 space travelers 8 Total time in space by country 9 Unmanned spaceflights 10 See also

Longest single flight

• Valeri Polyakov, launched 8 January 1994 (Soyuz TM-18), stayed at Mir LD-4 for 437.7 days, during which he orbited the earth about 7,075 times and traveled 300,765,000 km, returned March 22, 1995 (Soyuz TM-20).

Farthest humans from Earth

• Apollo 13 crew; James Lovell, Fred Haise, John Swigert while passing over the far side of the moon at an altitude of 254 km (158 miles) from the lunar surface, they were 400,171 km (248,655 miles) from earth. This record breaking distance was reached at 0:21 UTC on April 15, 1970.

Highest altitude for non-lunar mission

• Gemini 11 fired its Agena Target Vehicle rocket engine on September 14, 1966, at 40 hours 30 minutes after liftoff and achieved an apogee of 1374.1 km (854 statute miles / 741 nautical miles).

Fastest

• The Apollo 10 crew; Thomas Stafford, John W. Young and Gene Cernan achieved the highest speed ever attained by humans; 39,896 km/h (11.1 km/s, 24,790 mph).

Most flights

• 7 Flights
  • Franklin Chang-Diaz - USA
  • Jerry L. Ross - USA

• 6 Flights
  • Curtis Brown - USA
  • Michael Foale - USA
  • Sergei Krikalev - Russia
  • Story Musgrave - USA
  • Gennady Strekalov - Russia
  • James Wetherbee - USA
  • John W. Young - USA

Firsts

First	Person(s)	Vehicle	Country	Year
Spaceflight and Orbital flight	Yuri Gagarin	Vostok 1	USSR	1961
Sub-orbital flight	Alan Shepard	Freedom 7	USA	1961
Person in space for one day	Gherman Titov	Vostok 2	USSR	1961
Dual spaceflight Two people in space	Andrian Nikolayev Pavel Popovich	Vostok 3 Vostok 4	USSR	1962
Longest solo spaceflight 5-days	Valery Bykovsky	Vostok 5	USSR	1963
Woman in space	Valentina Tereshkova	Vostok 6	USSR	1963
Sub-orbital flight by winged spacecraft	Joe Walker	X-15	USA	1963
Person to enter space twice (above 100 km)	Joe Walker	X-15 Flights 90 and 91	USA	1963
First three person spacecraft	Vladimir Komarov Konstantin Feoktistov Boris Yegorov	Voskhod 1	USSR	1964
First two person spacecraft	Pavel Belyayev Aleksei Leonov	Voskhod 2	USSR	1965
First spacewalk	Aleksei Leonov	Voskhod 2	USSR	1965
Orbital maneuvers (change orbit)	Gus Grissom, John W. Young	Gemini 3	USA	1965
Person to fly two orbital spaceflights	Gordon Cooper	Faith 7 Gemini 5	USA	1965
People to spend one week in space	Gordon Cooper Pete Conrad	Gemini 5	USA	1965
Space rendezvous Four people in space	Frank Borman, Jim Lovell Walter Schirra, Thomas Stafford	Gemini 7 Gemini 6A	USA	1965
People to spend two weeks in space	Frank Borman Jim Lovell	Gemini 7	USA	1965
Space docking	Neil Armstrong David Scott	Gemini 8	USA	1966
Rendezvous with two vehicles - Agena 10 & Agena 8	John W. Young Michael Collins	Gemini 10	USA	1966
Dual spacewalk	Aleksei Yeliseyev Yevgeny Khrunov	Soyuz 4 Soyuz 5	USSR	1969
Moon orbit	Frank Borman James Lovell Bill Anders	Apollo 8	USA	1968
Moon landing	Neil Armstrong Buzz Aldrin	Apollo 11	USA	1969
Triple spaceflight Seven people in space	Shonin, Kubasov Filipchenko, Volkov, Gorbatko Shatalov, Yeliseyev	Soyuz 6 Soyuz 7 Soyuz 8	USSR	1969
Longest duration by single spacecraft 17.66-days	Andrian Nikolayev Vitali Sevastyanov	Soyuz 9	USSR	1970
First space station	Georgi Dobrovolski Viktor Patsayev Vladislav Volkov	Soyuz 11	USSR	1971
People in orbit four weeks (1 month)	Pete Conrad Joseph Kerwin Paul Weitz	Skylab 2	USA	1973
People in orbit eight weeks (2 months)	Alan Bean Jack Lousma Owen Garriott	Skylab 3	USA	1973
People in orbit twelve weeks (3 months)	Gerald Carr William Pogue Edward Gibson	Skylab 4	USA	1974
People in orbit twenty weeks (5 months)	Vladimir Kovalyonok , Aleksandr Ivanchenkov	Salyut 6 EO-2, Soyuz 29-Soyuz 31	USSR	1978
People in orbit twenty-six weeks (6 months)	Leonid Popov, Valery Ryumin	Salyut 6 EO-4, Soyuz 35-Soyuz 37	USSR	1980
Person to fly four different types of spacecraft	John Watts Young	STS-1/Columbia	USA	1981
Four person spaceflight single spacecraft	Vance Brand,Robert F. Overmyer Joseph P. Allen, William B. Lenoir	STS-5/Columbia	USA	1982
Person to complete six trips to space	John Watts Young	STS-9/Columbia	USA	1983
Five person spaceflight single spacecraft First U.S. woman in space	Robert L. Crippen, Frederick H. Hauck John M. Fabian, Sally K. Ride, Norman E. Thagard	STS-7/Challenger	USA	1983
Six person spaceflight single spacecraft	John W. Young, Brewster H. Shaw Owen K. Garriott, Robert A. Parker, Ulf Merbold-DE, Byron K. Lichtenberg	STS-9/Columbia	USA Germany	1983
People in orbit thirty-three weeks (8 months)	Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Soloviyov, Oleg Atkov	Salyut 7 EO-3, Soyuz T-10-Soyuz T-11	USSR	1984
Seven person spaceflight single spacecraft	Robert L. Crippen, Jon A. McBride Kathryn D. Sullivan, Sally K. Ride, David C. Leestma, Marc Garneau-CA, Paul D. Scully-Power	STS-41-G/Challenger	USA Canada	1984
Eight person spaceflight single spacecraft	Henry W. Hartsfield, Steven R. Nagel Bonnie J. Dunbar, James F. Buchli, Guion S. Bluford, Reinhard Furrer-DE, Ernst Messerschmid-DE, Wubbo Ockels-NL	STS-61-A/Challenger	USA Germany Netherlands	1985
People in orbit fifty-two weeks (12 months)	Vladimir Titov, Musa Manarov, Oleg Atkov	Mir EO-3, Soyuz TM-4-Soyuz TM-6	USSR	1988
Three person spacewalk	Pierre J. Thuot, Richard J. Hieb Thomas D. Akers	STS-49/Endeavour	USA	1991
Nine people in space; no docking	Shuttle:James D. Wetherbee, Eileen M. Collins, Michael Foale, Janice E. Voss, Bernard A. Harris, Jr., Vladimir G. Titov Mir: Valeri Polyakov, Alexander Viktorenko, Elena Kondakova	STS-63/Discovery, Mir	USA Russia	1995
Ten people in space; docking	Robert L. Gibson, Charles J. Precourt, Ellen S. Baker, Bonnie J. Dunbar, Gregory J. Harbaugh, Anatoly Solovyev, Nikolai Budarin, Norman E. Thagard, Vladimir Dezhurov, Gennady Strekalov	STS-71/Atlantis, Mir	USA Russia	1995
Thirteen people in space; no docking	Shuttle:Kenneth D. Bowersox, Scott J. Horowitz, Mark C. Lee, Steven A. Hawley, Gregory J. Harbaugh, Steven L. Smith, Joseph R. Tanner Mir: Vasili Tsibliyev, Aleksandr Lazutkin, Valery Korzun, Alexandr Kaleri, Reinhold Ewald-DE, Jerry M. Linenger-US	STS-82/Discovery, Mir, Soyuz TM-24, Soyuz TM-25	USA Russia Germany	1997
Privately funded human space flight	Mike Melvill	SpaceShipOne	USA	June 21, 2004

Total time in space - top 50 space travelers

Rank	Person	Days	Country
1	Sergei Avdeyev	747.593	Russia
2	Valeri Polyakov	678.690	Russia
3	Anatoly Solovyev	651.117	Russia
4	Sergei K. Krikalev**	624.387	Russia
5	Alexander Kaleri	609.911	Russia
6	Viktor Afanasyev	555.772	Russia
7	Yury V. Usachev	553.016	Russia
8	Musa Manarov	541.021	Russia
9	Alexander Viktorenko	489.066	Russia
10	Nikolai M. Budarin	444.060	Russia
11	Yuri Romanenko	430.765	Russia
12	Alexander A. Volkov	391.495	Russia
13	Yuri I. Onufrienko	389.282	Russia
14	Vladimir G. Titov	387.036	Russia
15	Gennady Padalka	386.592	Russia
16	Vasili Tsibliyev	381.662	Russia
17	Valery G. Korzun	381.653	Russia
18	Leonid Kizim	374.749	Russia
19	Michael Foale	373.763	USA
20	Aleksandr Serebrov	372.954	Russia
21	Vladimir Soloviyov	361.952	Russia
22	Talgat Musabayev	339.409	Russia
23	Yuri P. Gidzenko	329.950	Russia
24	Yuri Malenchenko	322.703	Russia
25	Gennadi Manakov	309.889	Russia
26	Aleksandr P. Aleksandrov	309.758	Russia
27	Valery Ryumin	297.924	Russia
28	Gennady Strekalov	268.938	Russia
29	Vladimir Lyakhov	259.563	Russia
30	Viktor Savinykh	252.849	Russia
31	Vladimir Dezhurov	244.229	Russia
32	Oleg Atkov	252.849	Russia
33	Carl E. Walz	230.212	USA
34	Daniel W. Bursch	226.594	USA
35	Shannon W. Lucid	223.161	USA
36	Valentin Lebedev	219.250	Russia
37	Vladimir Kovalyonok	216.382	Russia
38	Kenneth D. Bowersox	211.594	USA
39	Anatoli Berezovoy	211.378	Russia
40	Susan J. Helms	211.048	USA
41	Jean-Pierre Haigneré	209.517	France
42	Edward T. Lu	205.972	USA
43	James S. Voss	202.314	USA
44	Leonid Popov	200.574	Russia
45	Pavel Vinogradov	197.732	Russia
46	Edward Fincke	187.884	USA
47	Sergei Y. Treschev	184.927	Russia
48	Peggy A. Whitson	184.927	USA
49	Aleksandr Lazutkin	184.922	Russia
50	Thomas Reiter	179.071	Germany

As of October 24, 2004

(**) Sergei Krikalev is scheduled to spend six months on the International Space Station during Expedition 11. Scheduled for April 15 - Oct 15, 2005. During that mission he will break the record for most accumulated time in space. He should pass the 747.5-day record on day 123 of that mission, on August 16, 2005. Upon landing, he should have a total time in space of 815-days.

Total time in space by country

Rank	Nation	Total person days
1	USSR/ Russia	16,858.71
2	USA	9,380.42
3	France	384.67
4	Germany	310.24
5	Canada	121.57
6	Japan	88.25
7	Italy	61.23
8	Switzerland	42.50
9	Belgium	19.79
10	Spain	18.88
11	Netherlands	17.90
12	Israel	15.93
13	Ukraine	15.69
14	Bulgaria	11.91
15	South Africa	9.89
16	Syria	8.91
17	Afghanistan	8.85
18	Czechoslovakia	7.93
19	Austria	7.928
20	Kazakhstan	7.925
21	Poland	7.919
22	Slovakia	7.914
23	India	7.903
24	United Kingdom	7.885
25	Hungary	7.865
26	Cuba	7.863
27	Mongolia	7.863
28	Vietnam	7.862
29	Romania	7.862
30	Saudi Arabia	7.069
31	Mexico	6.878
32	China	0.891

• As of October 24, 2004

Unmanned spaceflights

Body	Spacecraft	Event	Country	Date
Earth	Sputnik 1	First satellite in orbit	USSR	January 3, 1958
Earth	Vanguard 1	Oldest satellite still in orbit— expected to stay in orbit 240 years. Ceased transmissions in May, 1964	USA	March 17, 1958
Earth	Discoverer 13	First satellite recovered from Orbit	USA	August 11, 1960
Moon	Luna 1	First flyby, dist. of 5,995 km	USSR	January 4, 1959
Moon	Luna 2	First impact	USSR	September 14, 1959
Moon	Luna 9	First soft landing	USSR	January 31, 1966
Moon	Luna 10	First orbiter	USSR	April 3, 1966
Moon	Luna 16	First automated sample return	USSR	September 24, 1970
Moon	Luna 17	First automated roving vehicle - Lunokhod 1	USSR	November 17, 1970
Sun	Helios 2	Highest velocity - 247,510 km/h at .29 AU perihelion	Germany	April 17, 1976
Mercury	Mariner 10	First flyby, dist. of 703 km	USA	March 29, 1974
Mercury	MESSENGER	First orbiter (scheduled)	USA	March 18, 2011
Venus	Mariner 2	First flyby, dist. of 34,762 km	USA	December 14, 1962
Venus	Venera 3	First impact	USSR	March 1, 1966
Venus	Venera 7	First soft landing	USSR	August 1, 1970
Venus	Venera 9	First orbiter	USSR	October 22, 1975
Venus	Vega 1	First helium balloon atmospheric probe	USSR	June 11, 1985
Mars	Mariner 4	First flyby, dist. of 9,846 km	USA	July 14, 1965
Mars	Mars 2	First impact	USSR	November 27, 1971
Mars	Mars 3	First soft landing, telemetry signal for 20 s before transmissions ceased	USSR	December 2, 1971
Mars	Mariner 9	First orbiter	USA	November 14, 1971
Mars	Mars Pathfinder	First automated roving vehicle - Sojourner	USA	July 4, 1997
Jupiter	Pioneer 10	First flyby, dist. of 130,000 km	USA	December 3, 1973
Jupiter	Galileo probe	First impact	USA	December 7, 1995
Jupiter	Galileo spacecraft	First orbiter	USA	December 7, 1995
Saturn	Pioneer 11	First flyby, dist. of 21,000 km	USA	September 1, 1979
Saturn	Cassini orbiter	First orbiter	USA	July 1, 2004
Titan	Huygens probe	First soft landing	ESA USA	January 14, 2005
Uranus	Voyager 2	First flyby, dist. of 81,500 km	USA	January 24, 1986
Neptune	Voyager 2	First flyby, dist. of 40,000 km	USA	August 25, 1989
Comet Halley	Vega 1	First comet flyby, dist. of 8,890 km	USSR	March 6, 1986
Comet Tempel 1	Deep Impact	First comet impact (scheduled)	USA	July 4, 2005
Comet Wild 2	Stardust	First automated sample return of comet dust particles (scheduled)	USA	June 15, 2006
951 Gaspra	Galileo spacecraft	First asteroid flyby, dist. of 1,600 km	USA	October 29, 1991
433 Eros	NEAR Shoemaker	First asteroid orbiter	USA	February 14, 2000
433 Eros	NEAR Shoemaker	First asteroid soft landing	USA	February 12, 2001
25143 Itokawa	Hayabusa	First asteroid automated sample return (scheduled)	Japan	June, 2007
	Voyager 1	At greatest distance from Earth, 14 billion km	USA	As of 2004
	Pioneer 6	Longest operating space probe, brief contact was reestablished on December 8,2000, after nearly 35 years in space.	USA	As of 2004
	Pioneer 10	First extra-solar spacecraft	USA	June 13, 1986
Hubble	Hubble Robotic Vehicle, based upon SPDM	First automated repair of spacecraft (scheduled)	USA Canada	2007?

See also

• Human spaceflight
• List of astronauts by name
• List of spacewalks
• List of artificial objects on the Moon
• List of artificial objects on Mars
• List of artificial objects on Venus

Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page) Spaceflight_records (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaceflight_records) version history (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spaceflight_records&action=history) GNU Free Documentation Lizenz (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License) CC-by-sa (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/)

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