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Sergei Vasiljevich Lebedev

From Biocrawler, the free encyclopedia.

Sergei Vasiljevich Lebedev ( July 25 1874 - May 1 1934) - Russian Chemist, Inventor of synthetic rubber.

Biograpfy

Sergei Lebedev was born in Lublin (currently Poland) in 1874. Graduated from St.-Petersburg University (1900). In 1900..1902 he worked at Petersburg Margarine Factory (currently Karpov's plant) and at Saint-Petersburg institute for Railroad Engineering, in 1902..[1904]] at St.-Petersburg University, 1904..[1906]] in Russian Army, in 1906..[1916]] he workes at St.-Petersburg University under Favorskij, in 1915 he was a Professor at Women's Pedagogical Institute (St.-Petersburg). Since 1916 he is a Professor of Saint Petrsburg Academy for Military Medicine. Since 1925 until his death he is the leader of the Oil Laboratory at St.-Petersburg University (renamed Laboratory of Synthetic Resins in 1928).

In 1932 he became a full member of Academy of Science of USSR He died in Saint Petersburg in 1934.

In 1945 the [National Institute for Synthetic Rubber (http://www.vniisk.ru)] was named Lebedev's Institute

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Works

His main works are devoted to polymerisation of diene hydrocarbons. He was first to research the polymerisation of butadiene ([[1910]-1913. In 1910 he was the first to get synthetic rubber based on poly-butadiene. His book Research in polymerisation of by-ethylene hydrocarbons (1913) became the Bible for the studies in area of synthetic rubber. Since 1914 he studies polymerisation of ethylene monomers that lead to modern industrila methods for manufacturing of butil synthetic rubber and poly-isobutylene. He developed in 1926-1928 a single-stage method for manufacturing butadiene out of ethanol. In 1928 he developed an industrial method por producing synthetic rubber based on polymerisation of butadiene using metallic sodium as a catalyst.

The method was the base for the Soviet Industry of synthetic rubber (since 1930). As the Soviets did not have a relaible access to natural rubber since October Revolution manufacturing of synthetic rubber was extremly important for them. By 1940 the Soviet Union had the largest synthetic rubber industry in the world, producing more than 50,000 tons per year. During WW II his process of obtaining butadiene from ethyl alcohol was also used by the German rubber industry.

Another important contribution of Sergei Lebedev was studying of kinetics of hydrogenation of ethylene hydrocarbons and developing a number of synthetic motor oils for Aircraft engines

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