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Biocrawler:Wikiportal/Israel

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Israel Wikiportal : פורטל ישראל

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Coat of Arms of the State of Israel
Flag of the State of Israel

The State of Israel (Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, transliteration: Medinat Yisrael; Arabic: دَوْلَةْ اِسْرَائِيل, transliteration: Dawlat Israil) is a country in the Middle East on the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea. It is a parliamentary democracy and a Jewish state. Israel is the birthplace of Judaism in the 17th century BCE and Christianity at the beginning of the 1st century CE. The population of Israel is predominantly Jewish with a large non-Jewish minority, mostly comprising Muslim, Christian, and Druze Arabs. The territory Israel controls, including the West Bank and Gaza Strip, borders the states of Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt (listed clockwise from north to south). Israel shares the coastlines of the Mediterranean, the Gulf of Aqaba (also known as Gulf of Eilat), and the Dead Sea.

Featured article

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Jewish emblem of Jerusalem
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Jewish emblem of Jerusalem

Jerusalem (Hebrew: יְרוּשָׁלַיִם Yerushalayim; Arabic: القدس al-Quds; see also names of Jerusalem) is an ancient Middle Eastern city of key importance to the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

With a population of 704,900 (as of December 31, 2004 [1] (http://www.cbs.gov.il/population/new_2004/tab_3.pdf)), it is a richly heterogeneous city, representing a wide range of national, religious, and socioeconomic groups. The section called the "Old City" is surrounded by walls and consists of four quarters: Jewish, Christian, Armenian, and Muslim.

The modern Knesset building, Israel's parliament, in Jerusalem today

The status of the city is hotly disputed. The 1949 cease-fire line between Israel and Jordan, also known as the Green Line, cuts through the city. Since Israel's victory in the 1967 Six-Day War, it has controlled the entire city and claims sovereignty over it. According to Israeli Jerusalem Law, Jerusalem is the capital of the State of Israel, and is the center of Jerusalem District; it serves as the country's seat of government and otherwise functions as capital.

Jerusalem has long been embedded into the religious consciousness of the Jewish people. Jews have always studied and personalized the struggle by King David to capture Jerusalem and his desire to build the Jewish temple there as described in the Book of Samuel and his yearnings about Jerusalem which became part of the popular prayers and songs.

Jerusalem is mentioned over 700 times in the Torah and Tanakh, or Old Testament, a text sacred to both Judaism and Christianity. In Judaism it is considered the Written Law, the basis for the Oral Law (Mishnah, Talmud and Shulkhan Arukh) studied, practiced and treasured by Jews and Judaism for three millennia. (List of Jewish Prayers and Blessings).

More about Jerusalem...

Featured picture

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Merkava Mk-III LIC main battle manufactured entirely by .
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Israel Defense Forces Merkava Mk-III LIC main battle tank manufactured entirely by Israel.

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History, people, places

edit  (http://www.biocrawler.com/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikiportal:Israel/History&action=edit) For ancient history, see History of ancient Israel and Judah... The Ottoman Empire controlled the Land of Israel for 400 years, from 1517 when Suleiman the Magnificent rebuilt the walls of Jerusalem until 1917 when British Field Marshal Allenby defeated them, and it then became the British Mandate of Palestine until 1947. Three years after World War II and the Holocaust, Israel was declared on May 14 1948...the Arab-Israeli conflict started the next day with the 1948 war when Israel was attacked by Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq because they did not accept the 1947 UN Partition Plan...the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) defeated all of them and the 1949 Armistice Agreements were signed...Close to one million Sephardi and Mizrahi Jews fled their homes because of Arab anti-Semitism, most came to Israel...During the 1967 Six-Day War, Israel defeated Egypt, Jordan, and Syria...In 1973 Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in the Yom Kippur War, the IDF defeated them...Subsequently the Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty was signed in 1979 and the Israel-Jordan Treaty of Peace in 1994...There is a peace process to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict...The government of Ariel Sharon built a barrier and has a unilateral plan to pull Israeli settlements out of the Gaza Strip and the northern West Bank during 2005.

In the news : בחדשות

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Accuracy & Corrections

  • CAMERA (http://www.camera.org) Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America
  • Honest Reporting (http://www.honestreporting.com)

Did you know...

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  • The name Israel, given to the Biblical patriarch Jacob mentioned in Genesis, means "one who has struggled with God".
  • Israel leads the world in the number of scientists and technicians in the workforce, with 145 per 10,000, as opposed to 85 in the US, over 70 in Japan, and less than 60 in Germany. With over 25% of its work force employed in technical professions. Israel places first in this category as well. 24% of Israel's workforce hold university degrees, ranking third in the industrialized world (after the US and Holland) and 12% hold advanced degrees. [2] (http://www.newsoftheday.com/israel/)
  • Israel has the highest in the world ratio of university degrees to the population.
  • Israel has the highest per capita ratio of scientific publications in the world by a large margin, as well as one of the highest per capita rates of patents filed.
  • In proportion to its population, Israel has the largest number of startup companies in the world. In absolute terms, Israel has the largest number of startup companies than any other country in the world, except the US (3,500 companies mostly in high tech). On a per capita basis, Israel has the largest number of biotech start-ups.
  • The cell phone was developed in Israel by Motorola-Israel.
  • The Pentium MMX and Centrino chips were designed by Intel-Israel.

Culture, arts, cuisine

edit  (http://www.biocrawler.com/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikiportal:Israel/Culture&action=edit) The modern culture of Israel is inseparable from Judaism and Jewish history although it differs in many ways. It flourishes in many areas, such as music, literature, museums, sport, universities, film, archaeology, cuisine (Israelis love falafel and baba ganoush) with tradition and humor often revolving around food.

WikiProjects

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Things you can do

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